The Historical Dictionary of Postwar German Literature is devoted to modern literature produced in the German language, whether from Germany, Austria, Switzerland or writers using German in other countries. This volume covers an extensive period of time, beginning in 1945 at what was called "zero hour" for German literature and proceeds into the 21st century, concluding in 2008. This is done through a list of acronyms and abbreviations, a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on writers, such as Nobel Prize-winners Heinrich Böll, Günter Grass, Elias Canetti, Elfriede Jelinek, and W. G. Sebald.

How do athletes overcome fears, slumps, mental blocks, or injuries? How do they deal with stress and anxiety, be it from competitors, teammates, audiences, parents, coaches, or themselves? What psychological techniques prove effective in mental training for peak performance, maintaining concentration, motivation, and competitive drive? How can an athlete enhance his or her commitment to a training regimen, or how might the average person better adhere to a program of fitness and exercise? Readers will find answers to these questions and more in the Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology.

The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers is a unique and valuable resource for historians and astronomers alike. The two volumes include approximately 1550 biographical sketches on astronomers from antiquity to modern times. It is the collective work of about 400 authors edited by an editorial board of 9 historians and astronomers, and provides additional details on the nature of an entry and some summary statistics on the content of entries. This new reference provides biographical information on astronomers and cosmologists by utilizing contemporary historical scholarship.

Thoroughly revised and updated, this new edition is based on the content of the world-renowned McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, Ninth Edition, the most widely used science reference of its kind. Readers will find concise, authoritative, and up-to-date articles on every major field of science and technology -- by authors at the forefront of their fields and including numerous Nobel Prize winners.
Written in clear, simple language understandable to students and general readers, yet with sufficient depth for scientists, educators, and researchers.

formative movement and defining theme in American history, the settlement of the frontier and expansion of U.S. territory from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean are the focus of this compelling and richly detailed new work. Rigorously researched and colorfully written by experts in the field of Western history, the nearly 500 articles in this encyclopedia provide the most current scholarship on America’s frontier movement over the course of three centuries. The depth and breadth of coverage help students appreciate shifting historical perspectives and understand how Western expansion shaped the national character.